José Buenaventura Durruti Dumange (León, July 14, 1896 - Madrid, November 20, 1936) was a Spanish trade unionist and anarchist revolutionary, a leading figure in Spain's libertarian movement and its trade union organization CNT, both before and at the beginning of the Spanish Civil War, in which he participated alongside the Republicans and at the head of a popular militia, known as the Durruti Column.

A worker, from a young age he stood out in the social struggle as an anarcho-syndicalist militant in the Confederación Nacional del Trabajo (CNT). Fired during the strikes of 1917, he emigrated to France where he remained until 1919. Back in Spain, in the region of the Basque Country, together with other activists he formed the group Los Justicieros with the purpose of fighting against the bosses' gun control.

In 1922 in Barcelona, also as a response to the repression and the employers' gun owners, he formed, together with Francisco Ascaso, Ricardo Sanz, Joan García Oliver and other comrades, what would become one of the most famous direct action groups of Spanish anarchism: Los Solidarios

He took part in the uprising of July 19, 1936, when the CNT-FAI and other revolutionary organizations took to the streets to dismantle the coup sectors that started the Spanish Civil War. Durruti fought on the barricades of Barcelona and, at the head of a group of workers, assaulted the Atarazanas barracks. He assumed a prominent role in that revolution, both as a fighter and as an orator.

He was shot to death on November 20, 1936, in circumstances that have never been fully clarified, on his way to the front.