Always Has Been: Chapter 1: Alfred Ely Beach's Pneumatic Transit System

In 1865, Alfred Ely Beach introduced the pneumatic transit system, aiming to transform urban transportation by utilizing air pressure to move carriages through underground tubes. Designed to ease traffic congestion in expanding cities, it promised faster and more efficient commutes. Despite its initial excitement and innovative approach, it was ultimately overshadowed by electric subways. Nevertheless, Beach's concept laid the groundwork for future urban transit advancements and highlighted inventive urban infrastructure solutions.