These technologies are included in the broader family of Distributed Ledgers, ie systems that are based on a distributed ledger, which can be read and modified by multiple nodes on a network. The nodes involved are not required to know each other's identity or trust each other. In fact, to ensure consistency between the various copies, the addition of a new block is globally governed by a shared protocol. Once the addition of the new block has been authorized, each node updates its own private copy: the very nature of the data structure guarantees the absence of its future manipulation.